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The wrong type of snow
The ''wrong type of snow'' is a phrase coined by the British media in 1991 after severe weather caused disruption to many of British Rail's services. A British Rail press release implied that BR management and its engineering staff were unaware of different types of snow. Henceforth in the United Kingdom, the phrase became a byword for euphemistic and pointless excuses.〔Hartley & Bruckmann 2002, p. 1.〕
==Background==
The phrase originated in a comment by British Rail's Director of Operations Terry Worrall on 11 February 1991 whilst being interviewed by James Naughtie. He explained that "we are having particular problems with the type of snow, which is rare in the UK". Naughtie replied "Oh, I see, it was the wrong kind of snow," to which Worrall replied, "No, it was a different kind of snow". Unfortunately Naughtie's remark has forever since been attributed to BR, and prompted a headline in the London ''Evening Standard'' saying "British Rail blames the wrong type of snow"〔Woodward, Antony and Penn, Robert (2008). ''The Wrong Kind of Snow: The Complete Daily Companion to the British Weather''. London: Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 978-0-340-93787-7〕 which was swiftly taken up by the media and other papers. The cold snap had been forecast and British Rail had claimed to be ready for the coming snow. However, the snow – which was not deep enough for snowploughs or snow blowers to be effective – was unusually soft and powdery,〔Gourvish 2002, p. 274.〕 finding its way into electrical systems and causing short circuits and traction motor damage. For traction motors with integral cooling fans and air intakes pointing downwards – the type that is still common on British electric multiple units – the problem was made worse as the air intakes sucked up the loose snow. Meanwhile, the snow also became packed into sliding door mechanisms and into points, causing them to fail.〔 In addition, low temperatures resulted in problems with electric current collection from the third rail.
Many electric services had to be replaced by diesel haulage, and emergency timetables were introduced. Long delays were commonplace – up to eight hours in some cases. The disruption lasted over a week.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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